Sunburn: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment - Expert Advice

Sunburn is a painful, reddened condition of the skin that is caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning lamps. UV radiation can damage the skin's DNA, leading to sunburn, skin cancer, and premature aging.

There are four types of sunburn:

First-degree sunburn is the mildest form and causes redness and pain.

Second-degree sunburn is more severe and causes redness, pain, swelling, and blistering.

Third-degree sunburn is the most severe and causes redness, pain, swelling, blistering, and skin damage that can lead to infection.

Fourth-degree sunburn is rare and involves damage beyond the skin, reaching muscle, fat, and bone tissue.

Treatment for sunburn includes:

Applying cool compresses to the affected area

Taking over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen to reduce pain and swelling

Avoiding exposure to the sun until the sunburn has healed

Using aloe vera gel or calamine lotion to soothe the skin

Drinking plenty of fluids to stay hydrated

If your sunburn is severe, you may need to see a doctor.