Bony Fish Characteristics: Anatomy & Adaptations

1. Vertebrae: Bony fish have a backbone made up of vertebrae, which are small, bony structures that stack upon one another to form the spinal column.

2. Gills: Bony fish have gills, which are specialized structures that extract oxygen from water. Gills are typically located on either side of the head and are covered by a protective flap of skin.

3. Fins: Bony fish have fins, which are limb-like structures that help them move through the water. Fins are composed of bony rays that are covered by skin.